![]() These elements are easily implemented in existing codes since they only require the modification of the discretized gradient operator, B. Two important features of the set of elements presented are their insensitivity to mesh distortion and a lower computational cost than standard finite elements for the same accuracy. In the latter case, the proposed formulation suppresses locking and yields elements which behave very well, even in the thin plate limit. ![]() Examples are presented to test the new elements for problems involving cracks in linear elastic continua and cracked plates. So by centering our own investigations in this same arena, we can approximately recapitulate the historical path that runs: Lambert Gauss Riemann. ![]() The principle is then extended to partition of unity enrichment to simplify numerical integration of discontinuous approximations in the extended finite element method. New plate and shell formulations that avoid both shear and membrane locking are also briefly reviewed. The numerical results indicate that for 2D and 3D continuum, locking can be avoided. We present in this paper recent achievements realised on the application of strain smoothing in finite elements and propose suitable extensions to problems with discontinuities and singularities. 0 Comments You warrant that you: (1) is not a prohibited party listed in Exclusion Export Lists of Government (see, for example) (2) does not render the Services again or use to transfer software, technology or other technical data to forbidden parties or countries and (3) does not use military, nuclear, missile.
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